Cadences
In music theory, a cadence is a chord progression that concludes a piece of music creating a sense of resolution. There are commonly four types of cadences - Perfect, Imperfect, Plagal, and Interrupted. The following list shows these cadences in major and minor keys.
Perfect cadence
A perfect cadence gives a sense of conclusion to the music.
V→I
C - C♯ - D - D♯ - E - F - F♯ - G - G♯ - A - A♯ - B - D♭ - E♭ - F♭ - G♭ - A♭ - B♭ - C♭
V7→I
C - C♯ - D - D♯ - E - F - F♯ - G - G♯ - A - A♯ - B - D♭ - E♭ - F♭ - G♭ - A♭ - B♭ - C♭
v→i
C - C♯ - D - D♯ - E - F - F♯ - G - G♯ - A - A♯ - B - D♭ - E♭ - F♭ - G♭ - A♭ - B♭ - C♭
v7→i
C - C♯ - D - D♯ - E - F - F♯ - G - G♯ - A - A♯ - B - D♭ - E♭ - F♭ - G♭ - A♭ - B♭ - C♭
Imperfect cadence
An imperfect cadence sounds incomplete or suspended and often calls for continuation.
I→V
C - C♯ - D - D♯ - E - F - F♯ - G - G♯ - A - A♯ - B - D♭ - E♭ - F♭ - G♭ - A♭ - B♭ - C♭
ii→V
C - C♯ - D - D♯ - E - F - F♯ - G - G♯ - A - A♯ - B - D♭ - E♭ - F♭ - G♭ - A♭ - B♭ - C♭
IV→V
C - C♯ - D - D♯ - E - F - F♯ - G - G♯ - A - A♯ - B - D♭ - E♭ - F♭ - G♭ - A♭ - B♭ - C♭
i→v
C - C♯ - D - D♯ - E - F - F♯ - G - G♯ - A - A♯ - B - D♭ - E♭ - F♭ - G♭ - A♭ - B♭ - C♭
iidim→v
C - C♯ - D - D♯ - E - F - F♯ - G - G♯ - A - A♯ - B - D♭ - E♭ - F♭ - G♭ - A♭ - B♭ - C♭
iv→v
C - C♯ - D - D♯ - E - F - F♯ - G - G♯ - A - A♯ - B - D♭ - E♭ - F♭ - G♭ - A♭ - B♭ - C♭
Plagal cadence
A plagal cadence, also known as "Amen" cadence (as this progression is often used for "Amen" in hymns) is similar to perfect cadence but does not create a genuine sense of closure.
IV→I
C - C♯ - D - D♯ - E - F - F♯ - G - G♯ - A - A♯ - B - D♭ - E♭ - F♭ - G♭ - A♭ - B♭ - C♭
iv→i
C - C♯ - D - D♯ - E - F - F♯ - G - G♯ - A - A♯ - B - D♭ - E♭ - F♭ - G♭ - A♭ - B♭ - C♭
Interrupted cadence
An interrupted cadence gives a hanging or deceptive feel. For that reason, it is also called deceptive cadence.
V→vi
C - C♯ - D - D♯ - E - F - F♯ - G - G♯ - A - A♯ - B - D♭ - E♭ - F♭ - G♭ - A♭ - B♭ - C♭
V7→vi
C - C♯ - D - D♯ - E - F - F♯ - G - G♯ - A - A♯ - B - D♭ - E♭ - F♭ - G♭ - A♭ - B♭ - C♭
v→VI
C - C♯ - D - D♯ - E - F - F♯ - G - G♯ - A - A♯ - B - D♭ - E♭ - F♭ - G♭ - A♭ - B♭ - C♭
v7→VI
C - C♯ - D - D♯ - E - F - F♯ - G - G♯ - A - A♯ - B - D♭ - E♭ - F♭ - G♭ - A♭ - B♭ - C♭
