Intervals

In music, an interval is the distance between two notes. The smallest of these intervals is usually a semitone. There are some systems of music with intervals smaller than a semitone, but they are outside the scope of this website for now.

A list of common intervals is shown below. Select any key under the interval to learn more about the interval starting from that key. Each of these intervals also have a short representation as shown in parentheses.

Perfect unison (P1)

C - C♯ - D - D♯ - E - F - F♯ - G - G♯ - A - A♯ - B - D♭ - E♭ - F♭ - G♭ - A♭ - B♭ - C♭

Minor second (m2)

C - C♯ - D - D♯ - E - F - F♯ - G - G♯ - A - A♯ - B - D♭ - E♭ - F♭ - G♭ - A♭ - B♭ - C♭

Major second (M2)

C - C♯ - D - D♯ - E - F - F♯ - G - G♯ - A - A♯ - B - D♭ - E♭ - F♭ - G♭ - A♭ - B♭ - C♭

Minor third (m3)

C - C♯ - D - D♯ - E - F - F♯ - G - G♯ - A - A♯ - B - D♭ - E♭ - F♭ - G♭ - A♭ - B♭ - C♭

Major third (M3)

C - C♯ - D - D♯ - E - F - F♯ - G - G♯ - A - A♯ - B - D♭ - E♭ - F♭ - G♭ - A♭ - B♭ - C♭

Perfect fourth (P4)

C - C♯ - D - D♯ - E - F - F♯ - G - G♯ - A - A♯ - B - D♭ - E♭ - F♭ - G♭ - A♭ - B♭ - C♭

Diminished fifth (d5)

C - C♯ - D - D♯ - E - F - F♯ - G - G♯ - A - A♯ - B - D♭ - E♭ - F♭ - G♭ - A♭ - B♭ - C♭

Perfect fifth (P5)

C - C♯ - D - D♯ - E - F - F♯ - G - G♯ - A - A♯ - B - D♭ - E♭ - F♭ - G♭ - A♭ - B♭ - C♭

Minor sixth (m6)

C - C♯ - D - D♯ - E - F - F♯ - G - G♯ - A - A♯ - B - D♭ - E♭ - F♭ - G♭ - A♭ - B♭ - C♭

Major sixth (M6)

C - C♯ - D - D♯ - E - F - F♯ - G - G♯ - A - A♯ - B - D♭ - E♭ - F♭ - G♭ - A♭ - B♭ - C♭

Minor seventh (m7)

C - C♯ - D - D♯ - E - F - F♯ - G - G♯ - A - A♯ - B - D♭ - E♭ - F♭ - G♭ - A♭ - B♭ - C♭

Major seventh (M7)

C - C♯ - D - D♯ - E - F - F♯ - G - G♯ - A - A♯ - B - D♭ - E♭ - F♭ - G♭ - A♭ - B♭ - C♭

Perfect octave (P8)

C - C♯ - D - D♯ - E - F - F♯ - G - G♯ - A - A♯ - B - D♭ - E♭ - F♭ - G♭ - A♭ - B♭ - C♭

Major, minor and perfect intervals mentioned above can have augmented or diminished intervals with the same distance.